Infection- and vaccine-induced antibody binding and neutralization of the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant

Article Microbiology

Metagenomic Sequencing To Detect Respiratory Viruses in Persons under Investigation for COVID-19

Ahmed Babiker et al.

Summary: Our study found that current broad-spectrum molecular testing algorithms can identify most respiratory viral infections among SARS-CoV-2 PUIs when available and implemented consistently.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Complete Mapping of Mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain that Escape Antibody Recognition

Allison J. Greaney et al.

Summary: Antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) are key in neutralizing antibody responses, and a deep mutational scanning method was used to assess the impact of all amino-acid mutations in the RBD on antibody binding with 10 human monoclonal antibodies. The study identified the clustered escape mutations in different surfaces of the RBD that correspond to structurally defined antibody epitopes, showing that even antibodies targeting the same surface can have distinct escape mutations.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Antibody potency, effector function, and combinations in protection and therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo

Alexandra Schafer et al.

Summary: The study shows that combined use of hu-mAbs is effective for prevention and therapy of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but in vivo protection is influenced by intact effector function.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Loss of furin cleavage site attenuates SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis

Bryan A. Johnson et al.

Summary: The genetic mutation in SARS-CoV-2 resulted in better fitness in some cells but lower replication capacity in human respiratory cell lines. Despite reducing disease symptoms, the Delta PRRA mutant provided protection against rechallenge with the wildtype SARS-CoV-2.

NATURE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination

Alicia T. Widge et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection

Jennifer M. Dan et al.

Summary: Different components of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 exhibit distinct kinetics, with antibodies and spike-specific memory B cells remaining relatively stable over 6 months, while CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells declining with a half-life of 3 to 5 months after infection.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

D614G Mutation Alters SARS-CoV-2 Spike Conformation and Enhances Protease Cleavage at the S1/S2 Junction

Sophie M-C Gobeil et al.

Summary: The study found that the mutation variant G614 of SARS-CoV-2 leads to significant changes in the protein structure, resulting in altered positioning ratio of RBD, which may have implications for vaccine design.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

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Review Microbiology

The variant gambit: COVID-19's next move

Jessica A. Plante et al.

Summary: Despite the development of vaccines, COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to be a global concern due to the emergence of new variants, raising worries about increased spread and potential impacts on immunity.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies

Rita E. Chen et al.

Summary: The study analyzed antibody neutralization activity against a panel of authentic isolates and chimeric SARS-CoV-2 variants, showing significantly reduced neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 variant first identified in South Africa. Antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, monoclonal antibodies, convalescent sera, and mRNA vaccine-induced immune sera exhibited decreased inhibitory activity against viruses with an E484K spike mutation, suggesting a need for updated monoclonal antibodies or vaccine adjustments to prevent loss of protection against emerging variants.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Serum Neutralizing Activity Elicited by mRNA-1273 Vaccine

Kai Wu et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 D614G spike mutation increases entry efficiency with enhanced ACE2-binding affinity

Seiya Ozono et al.

Summary: The naturally occurring mutations of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can affect cell entry, with the D614G mutation resulting in increased cell entry and maintaining susceptibility to neutralization by antisera against prototypic viruses. Further global surveillance is needed to understand the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 among humans.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Stable neutralizing antibody levels 6 months after mild and severe COVID-19 episodes

Edwards Pradenas et al.

Summary: The study found that individuals with mild or asymptomatic infections experienced an insignificant decrease in neutralizing activity, which persisted for 6 months after symptom onset or diagnosis. Hospitalized individuals exhibited higher neutralizing titers, which decreased rapidly at first but significantly slowed down after day 80, remaining higher than those with mild symptoms at 6 months. This slow decline in neutralizing activity contrasted with the constant decrease in anti-RBD, S2, or NP antibody titers over the follow-up period.

MED (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific B and T cell responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients 6-8 months after the infection

Natalia Sherina et al.

Summary: The study shows that 85% of samples from COVID-19 patients had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies within 4 weeks of symptom onset, while specific IgG antibodies and plasma neutralizing activities remained relatively stable up to 6 months after diagnosis. 80% of samples collected at 6-8 months after symptom onset still had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, and specific memory B and T cell responses continued to develop and persist.

MED (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology