4.5 Article

Characterizing ligand-induced conformational changes in clinically relevant galectin-1 by HN/H2O (D2O) exchange

期刊

BIOCHIMIE
卷 187, 期 -, 页码 48-56

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ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.008

关键词

Aggregation; Glycoprotein; Lattice; Galectin; Proliferation

资金

  1. Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Government of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (Elkartek BG2019)
  2. Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation from MCIU [SEV20160644]

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Cellular glycoconjugates serve as biochemical signals for various physiological processes; Gal-1 undergoes structural changes upon binding lactose, affecting its role on the cell surface; Diffusion measurements by NMR spectroscopy can detect these changes.
Glycans of cellular glycoconjugates serve as biochemical signals for a multitude of (patho)physiological processes via binding to their receptors (e.g. lectins). In the case of human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-1 (Gal-1), small angle neutron scattering and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy have revealed a significant decrease of its gyration radius and increase of its diffusion coefficient upon binding lactose, posing the pertinent question on the nature and region(s) involved in the underlying structural alterations. Requiring neither a neutron source nor labeling, diffusion measurements by H-1 NMR spectroscopy are shown here to be sufficiently sensitive to detect this ligand-induced change. In order to figure out which region(s) of Gal-1 is (are) affected at the level of peptides, we first explored the use of H/D exchange mass spectrometry (HDX MS). Hereby, we found a reduction in proton exchange kinetics beyond the lactose-binding site. The measurement of fast H-N/H2O exchange by phase-modulated NMR clean chemical exchange (CLEANEX) NMR on N-15-labeled Gal-1 then increased the spatial resolution to the level of individual amino acids. The mapped regions with increased protection from H-N/H2O (D2O) exchange that include the reduction of solvent exposure around the interface can underlie the protein's compaction. These structural changes have potential to modulate this galectin's role in lattice formation on the cell surface and its interaction(s) with protein(s) at the F-face. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. and Societe Francaise de Biochimie et Biologie Moleculaire (SFBBM). All rights reserved.

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