期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100882
关键词
electrochemistry; glutamate; single nanowire sensors; sub-quantal release; vesicles
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21725504, 22090050, 22090051, 21721005]
- University of Xiamen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS, University of Xiamen, China)
- PSL University
- Ecole Normale Superieure
- CNRS
- Sorbonne University (UMR 8640)
An electrochemical Glu nanobiosensor was introduced to measure Glu fluxes released via exocytosis by large Glu vesicles in living hippocampal neurons. The study revealed a sub-quantal release mode, where only one third to one half of intravesicular Glu molecules are released by individual vesicles during exocytotic events.
Quantitative measurements of intravesicular glutamate (Glu) and of transient exocytotic release contents directly from individual living neurons are highly desired for understanding the mechanisms (full or sub-quantal release?) of synaptic transmission and plasticity. However, this could not be achieved so far due to the lack of adequate experimental strategies relying on selective and sensitive Glu nanosensors. Herein, we introduce a novel electrochemical Glu nanobiosensor based on a single SiC nanowire that can selectively measure in real-time Glu fluxes released via exocytosis by large Glu vesicles (ca. 125 nm diameter) present in single hippocampal axonal varicosities as well as their intravesicular content before exocytosis. These measurements revealed a sub-quantal release mode in living hippocampal neurons, viz., only ca. one third to one half of intravesicular Glu molecules are released by individual vesicles during exocytotic events. Importantly, this fraction remained practically the same when hippocampal neurons were pretreated with L-Glu-precursor L-glutamine, while it significantly increased after zinc treatment, although in both cases the intravesicular contents were drastically affected.
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