期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
卷 38, 期 12, 页码 1498-1506出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1235230
关键词
Batch; ethanol; fed-batch; primary sludge; simultaneous saccharification fermentation
资金
- Project Energy and Mobility for Sustainable Regions - EMSURE [CENTRO-07-0224-FEDER-002004]
Primary sludge from a Portuguese pulp and paper mill, containing 60% of carbohydrates, and unbleached pulp (as reference material), with 93% of carbohydrates, were used to produce ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). SSF was performed in batch or fed-batch conditions without the need of a pretreatment. Cellic((R)) CTec2 was the cellulolytic enzymatic complex used and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast or ATCC 26602 strain) or the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus NCYC 1426 were employed. Primary sludge was successfully converted to ethanol and the best results in SSF efficiency were obtained with S. cerevisiae. An ethanol concentration of 22.7gL(-1) was produced using a content of 50gL(-1) of carbohydrates from primary sludge, in batch conditions, with a global conversion yield of 81% and a production rate of 0.94gL(-1)h(-1). Fed-batch operation enabled higher solids content (total carbohydrate concentration of 200gL(-1), equivalent to a consistency of 33%) and a reduction of three-quarters of cellulolytic enzyme load, leading to an ethanol concentration of 40.7gL(-1), although with lower yield and productivity. Xylitol with a concentration up to 7gL(-1) was also identified as by-product in the primary sludge bioconversion process.
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