4.8 Article

Charge-Gradient Hydrogels Enable Direct Zero Liquid Discharge for Hypersaline Wastewater Management

期刊

ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 33, 期 24, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100141

关键词

charge‐ gradient hydrogels; desalination; membrane distillation; wastewater management; zero liquid discharge

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [51872101, 52002139]
  2. National Program for Support of Topnotch Young Professionals [52025027]
  3. program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team [2017QYTD11]
  4. WNLO
  5. Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, WNLO-HUST
  6. Analysis and Testing Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology

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The novel CGH-based MD technology, with high salt tolerance and low internal vapor transfer resistance, allows direct treatment of hypersaline wastewater during long-term operation.
Zero liquid discharge (ZLD), which maximizes water recovery and eliminates environmental impact, is an urgent wastewater management strategy for alleviating freshwater shortage. However, because of the high concentration of salts and broad-spectrum foulants in wastewater, a huge challenge for ZLD is lack of a robust membrane-based desalination technology that enables direct wastewater recovery without costly pretreatment processes. Here, a paradigm-shift membrane distillation (MD) strategy is presented, wherein the traditional hydrophobic porous membrane is replaced with a hydrophilic nonporous charge-gradient hydrogel (CGH) membrane that possesses hypersaline tolerance, fouling/scaling-free properties, and negligible vapor transfer resistance inside the membrane, simultaneously. Therefore, the CGH-based MD with high water flux enables direct desalination of hypersaline wastewater (130 g L-1) containing broad-spectrum foulants (500 mg L-1) during continuous long-term operation (200 h), and this technology paves a promising way to direct ZLD for wastewater management.

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