Graphene-Based Cementitious Composites: Toward Next-Generation Construction Technologies

The search for technological solutions to the ever-increasing demand for ultra-high-quality concrete with the simultaneous construction boom represents one of the greatest challenges concrete researchers are facing nowadays. In view of their unique properties, graphene and related materials, when utilized to form graphene-based cementitious composites, appear to be powerful components to give a boost to today's concrete technology. In this review, the most enlightening recent advancements in the development of fabrication protocols for obtaining the homogenous dispersion of graphene and derivatives thereof within the cement matrix are showcased. The hydration process and basic properties of graphene-based cementitious materials are also discussed. The integration of graphene-family materials to concrete technology allows new functions to be imparted to cement composites toward the construction of smart and multifunctional buildings. Therefore, a specific focus is given to the electrical and piezoresistive behavior of graphene-cement composites, and ultimately their great potential for structural health monitoring applications. The approaches proposed in this review can be also extended to other 2D materials offering the broadest arsenal of physical properties, which can therefore be integrated on-demand in future smart structures and constructions.

Automated summary

Graphene and related materials are powerful components for boosting concrete technology and constructing smart buildings, with potential applications in structural health monitoring.