Distinct T cell receptor repertoire diversity of clinically defined high-grade serous ovarian cancer treatment subgroups

In patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), it is unclear which genomic features are related to complete gross resection (R0), which is typically associated with better clinical outcomes, or response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). In this study, we evaluated T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire diversity in primary and metastatic tumor samples (n = 90) from clinically well-annotated patients with HGSC who achieved R0 or received NACT with excellent or poor response based on a laparoscopic triage algorithm. TCR sequencing followed by an integrative analysis with comprehensive multi-omics data identified higher TCR diversity (e.g., higher number of unique productive sequences and less clonal relatedness) in the R0 than NACT groups. We found enrichment of specific TCR beta genes usage, distinct mutual exclusiveness and co-occurrence pattern of TCR beta genes among the groups. We also found significantly positive correlations between clonal relatedness and neoantigens, copy number variations, and mutation load in the groups.

Automated summary

This study found higher TCR diversity in the R0 group and lower diversity in the NACT group among patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Additionally, specific TCR beta gene enrichment and positive correlations between clonal relatedness and neoantigens, copy number variations, and mutation load were observed in the different groups.