期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 23, 期 18, 页码 18064-18072出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6988-3
关键词
Cadmium; Copper; Embryo-larval development; Mixture toxicity; Oxytetracycline; Paracentrotus lividus
资金
- Ministry of Scientific Research and Technology, University of Monastir, Tunisia (Research Laboratory Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Valorisation, High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Tunisia)
Multiple pollutions by trace metals and pharmaceuticals have become one of the most important problems in marine coastal areas because of its excessive toxicity on organisms living in this area. This study aimed to assess the individual and mixture toxicity of Cu, Cd, and oxytetracycline frequently existing in the contaminated marine areas and the embryo-larval development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The individual contamination of the spermatozoid for 1 h with the increasing concentrations of Cd, Cu, and OTC decreases the fertility rate and increases larvae anomalies in the order Cu > Cd > OTC. Moreover, the normal larva frequency and the length of spicules were more sensitive than the fertilization rate and normal gastrula frequency endpoints. The mixture toxicity assessed by multiple experimental designs showed clearly that concentrations of Cd, Cu, and OTC superior to 338 mu g/L, 0.56 mu g/L, and 0.83 mg/L, respectively, cause significant larva malformations.
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