期刊
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.625482
关键词
adjuvants; polyphosphazenes; vaccines; immunity; animals; viruses; bacteria
资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council [402993]
- Government of Saskatchewan [20150263]
- Government of Alberta through Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency [2012F055R]
Polyphosphazenes are experimental adjuvants that show versatility as vaccine adjuvants in various animal species and can be delivered via different routes. They can be used in combination with other adjuvants to enhance immune responses, primarily acting by activating innate immunity.
Polyphosphazenes are a class of experimental adjuvants that have shown great versatility as vaccine adjuvants in many animal species ranging from laboratory rodents to large animal species. Their adjuvant activity has shown promising results with numerous viral and bacterial antigens, as well as with crude and purified antigens. Vaccines adjuvanted with polyphosphazenes can be delivered via systemic and mucosal administration including respiratory, oral, rectal, and intravaginal routes. Polyphosphazenes can be used in combination with other adjuvants, further enhancing immune responses to antigens. The mechanisms of action of polyphosphazenes have not fully been defined, but several systematic studies have suggested that they act primarily by activating innate immunity. In the present review, we will highlight progress in the development of polyphosphazenes as adjuvants in animals and their other medical applications.
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