期刊
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622302
关键词
primary cilia; motile cilia; tubulin glutamylation; ciliopathies; chemically inducible dimerization
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan [105-2628-B-007-001-MY3, 108-2636-B-007-003, 108-2638-B-010-001-MY2, 109-2636-B-007-003, 110-2636-B-007-011]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01DK090038, R01DK099160]
- Department of Defense [W81XWH2010214]
- The Model Core of P30 center grant [P30DK90728]
- U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) [W81XWH2010214] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
Cilia, highly conserved hair-like structures protruding from cell surface among diverse species, play crucial roles in cell functions. Axonemal glutamylation, a post-translational modification in ciliary axonemes, regulates the structure and function of cilia. Investigating the physiological roles of axonemal glutamylation helps in understanding its significance in human health.
Cilia, which either generate coordinated motion or sense environmental cues and transmit corresponding signals to the cell body, are highly conserved hair-like structures that protrude from the cell surface among diverse species. Disruption of ciliary functions leads to numerous human disorders, collectively referred to as ciliopathies. Cilia are mechanically supported by axonemes, which are composed of microtubule doublets. It has been recognized for several decades that tubulins in axonemes undergo glutamylation, a post-translational polymodification, that conjugates glutamic acid chains onto the C-terminal tail of tubulins. However, the physiological roles of axonemal glutamylation were not uncovered until recently. This review will focus on how cells modulate glutamylation on ciliary axonemes and how axonemal glutamylation regulates cilia architecture and functions, as well as its physiological importance in human health. We will also discuss the conventional and emerging new strategies used to manipulate glutamylation in cilia.
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