期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 51, 期 1, 页码 243-252出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04173
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资金
- National Science Foundation [0909227, 1443140]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0909227] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences [1443140] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences [1443140] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Chemistry [0909227] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Previous studies have shown that methanesulfonic acid (MSA) reacts with amines and ammonia to form particles, which is expected to be particularly important in coastal and agricultural areas. We present the first systematic study of temperature dependence of particle formation from the reactions of MSA with trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA), methylamine (MA), and ammonia over the range of 21-28 degrees C and 0.4-5.9 s in a flow reactor under dry conditions and in the presence of 3 X 10(17) cm(-3) water vapor. Overall activation energies (E-overall) for particle formation calculated from the dependence of rates of particle formation on temperature for all of these bases are negative. The negative E-overall is interpreted in terms of reverse reactions that decompose intermediate clusters in competition with the forward reactions that grow the clusters into particles. The average values of E-overall for the formation of detectable particles are: TMA,-(168 +/- 19) kcal mol(-1) DMA, -(134 +/- 30) kcal mol(-1); MA,-(68 +/- 23) kcal mol(-1); NH3,-(110 +/- 16) kcal mol(-1) (+/- 1 sigma). The strong inverse dependence of particle formation with temperature suggests that particle formation may not decline proportionally with concentrations of MSA and amines if temperature also decreases, for example at higher altitudes or in winter.
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