SARS-CoV-2 vaccines strategies: a comprehensive review of phase 3 candidates

The new SARS-CoV-2 virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family and causes COVID-19 disease. The newly sequenced virus appears to originate in China and rapidly spread throughout the world, becoming a pandemic that, until January 5th, 2021, has caused more than 1,866,000 deaths. Hence, laboratories worldwide are developing an effective vaccine against this disease, which will be essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Currently, there more than 64 vaccine candidates, most of them aiming to induce neutralizing antibodies against the spike protein (S). These antibodies will prevent uptake through the human ACE-2 receptor, thereby limiting viral entrance. Different vaccine platforms are being used for vaccine development, each one presenting several advantages and disadvantages. Thus far, thirteen vaccine candidates are being tested in Phase 3 clinical trials; therefore, it is closer to receiving approval or authorization for large-scale immunizations.

Automated summary

The new SARS-CoV-2 virus is rapidly spreading worldwide, causing the COVID-19 pandemic with more than 1.866 million deaths. Over 64 vaccine candidates are being developed globally, aiming to induce antibodies to prevent viral entry. Thirteen vaccine candidates are currently in Phase 3 clinical trials, showing promising progress towards approval for large-scale immunizations.