期刊
CANCERS
卷 13, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051078
关键词
central nervous system; blood– brain barrier; neurosurgery; stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS); whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT); molecular-targeted therapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; CDK4; 6 inhibitor; immune checkpoint inhibitor; BRCA gene mutation; review
类别
Brain metastases from breast cancer often occur in advanced stage patients with poor prognosis. Local treatments and new targeted therapies play crucial roles in improving clinical outcomes.
Simple Summary In this review, we present the latest information on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and local and systemic treatment of brain metastases from breast cancer, with a focus on recent publications. Improving the local treatment and subtype-specific systemic therapies through advancements in basic and translational research will contribute to better clinical outcomes for patients with breast cancer brain metastasis. Breast cancer is the second most common origin of brain metastasis after lung cancer. Brain metastasis in breast cancer is commonly found in patients with advanced course disease and has a poor prognosis because the blood-brain barrier is thought to be a major obstacle to the delivery of many drugs in the central nervous system. Therefore, local treatments including surgery, stereotactic radiation therapy, and whole-brain radiation therapy are currently considered the gold standard treatments. Meanwhile, new targeted therapies based on subtype have recently been developed. Some drugs can exceed the blood-brain barrier and enter the central nervous system. New technology for early detection and personalized medicine for metastasis are warranted. In this review, we summarize the historical overview of treatment with a focus on local treatment, the latest drug treatment strategies, and future perspectives using novel therapeutic agents for breast cancer patients with brain metastasis, including ongoing clinical trials.
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