Synthesis and characterizations of (Ba1-xCax)Ti4O9, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.9 ceramics

Manufacturing of energy storage devices with good efficiency and fewer losses has been a distinct topic. A material with good dielectric properties and fewer energy losses is the basic demand of the electronic industry. Barium tetra titanate ceramic material (BaTi4O9) is a prominent dielectric material with average permittivity and low losses. However, we report a Ca2+ substituted Barium tetra titanate (BaTi4O9) with enhancement in dielectric properties and reduction in losses (Ba1-xCax) T4O9 was prepared using the conventional solid-state solution technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of the orthorhombic phase (with space group = Pnmm). A drastic change in grain size was observed by increasing the Ca2+ substitution. Dielectric properties have been measured at 4 GHz and found maximum dielectric constant = 40 and loss = 0.00014. The optimum electro-caloric response rises from 0.56 to 0.69 k at DE 1/4 1.34 V mu m(-1). The effect of substitution Ca2+ contents and microstructure on dielectric properties were analyzed using a precision impedance analyzer in a vast frequency range i.e. 4 Hz to 20 MHz. Enhanced dielectric properties with low energy losses made it a prominent material for energy storage devices. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Automated summary

Research on Ca2+ substituted barium titanate materials with improved dielectric properties and reduced energy losses shows promise for manufacturing energy storage devices.