期刊
DIABETES THERAPY
卷 12, 期 4, 页码 1143-1157出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01026-w
关键词
Bruising; Diabetes; Injection technique; Insulin; Lipohypertophy
资金
- Nefrocenter Research Network
- NYX Start-up, Naples, Italy
Despite availability of advanced devices and proper recommendations, lipohypertrophy (LH) and bruising (BR) often occur due to improper injection technique. The survey aimed to investigate the association between LH risk factors and BR. Results suggest that BR may be related to the patient's habit of pressing the injection pen firmly onto the skin.
Introduction Despite the availability of sophisticated devices and suitable recommendations on how to best perform insulin injections, lipohypertrophy (LH) and bruising (BR) frequently occur as a consequence of improper injection technique. Aim The purpose of this nationwide survey was to check literature-reported LH risk factors or consequences for any association with BR Method This was a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study based on the identification of skin lesions at all patient-reported insulin injection sites in 790 subjects with diabetes. General and injection habit-related elements were investigated as possible BR risk factors. Results While confirming the close relationship existing between LH and a full series of factors including missed injection site rotation, needle reuse, long-standing insulin treatment, frequent hypoglycemic events (hypos), and great glycemic variability (GV), the observed data could find no such association with BR, which anyhow came with high HbA1c levels, missed injection site rotation, and long-standing insulin treatment. Conclusion BR most likely depends on the patient's habit of pressing the injection pen hard onto the skin. Despite being worrisome and affecting quality of life, BR seems to represent a preliminary stage of LH but does not affect the rate of hypos and GV.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据