Nanooptical elements for visual verification

This paper focuses on the development of flat diffractive optical elements (DOEs) for protecting banknotes, documents, plastic cards, and securities against counterfeiting. A DOE is a flat diffractive element whose microrelief, when illuminated by white light, forms a visual image consisting of several symbols (digits or letters), which move across the optical element when tilted. The images formed by these elements are asymmetric with respect to the zero order. To form these images, the microrelief of a DOE must itself be asymmetric. The microrelief has a depth of similar to 0.3 microns and is shaped with an accuracy of similar to 10-15 nm using electron-beam lithography. The DOEs developed in this work are securely protected against counterfeiting and can be replicated hundreds of millions of times using standard equipment meant for the mass production of relief holograms.

Automated summary

This paper focuses on the development of flat diffractive optical elements (DOEs) for protecting banknotes, documents, plastic cards, and securities against counterfeiting. The microrelief of a DOE must be asymmetric to form images consisting of several symbols (digits or letters). The DOEs developed in this work are securely protected against counterfeiting and can be replicated hundreds of millions of times using standard equipment.