psiCLIP reveals dynamic RNA binding by DEAH-box helicases before and after exon ligation

RNA helicases remodel the spliceosome to enable pre-mRNA splicing, but their binding and mechanism of action remain poorly understood. To define helicase-RNA contacts in specific spliceosomal states, we develop purified spliceosome iCLIP (psiCLIP), which reveals dynamic helicase-RNA contacts during splicing catalysis. The helicase Prp16 binds along the entire available single-stranded RNA region between the branchpoint and 3-splice site, while Prp22 binds diffusely downstream of the branchpoint before exon ligation, but then switches to more narrow binding in the downstream exon after exon ligation, arguing against a mechanism of processive translocation. Depletion of the exon-ligation factor Prp18 destabilizes Prp22 binding to the pre-mRNA, suggesting that proofreading by Prp22 may sense the stability of the spliceosome during exon ligation. Thus, psiCLIP complements structural studies by providing key insights into the binding and proofreading activity of spliceosomal RNA helicases. ATP-dependent helicases remodel the spliceosome and proofread splice site recognition. A new method - Purified Spliceosome iCLIP (psiCLIP) - probes protein-RNA interactions in defined spliceosome complexes to reveal how the helicases Prp16 and Prp22 promote correct mRNA synthesis through dynamic binding on their RNA substrates.

Automated summary

RNA helicases, such as Prp16 and Prp22, promote correct mRNA synthesis by binding and proofreading on their RNA substrates in defined spliceosome complexes. The stability of spliceosome during exon ligation may affect the proofreading activity of helicases. The new method psiCLIP provides key insights into the binding and proofreading activity of spliceosomal RNA helicases.