期刊
VIRUSES-BASEL
卷 13, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13020193
关键词
parvovirus; chaphamaparvovirus; densovirus; avian viruses; insect viruses; virus discovery; codon usage; dinucleotide frequencies
类别
资金
- Ocean Frontier Institute, through Canada First Research Excellence Fund
- School of Graduate Studies at Memorial University
- Environment and Climate Change Canada from Strategic Technology Applications of Genomics in the Environment (STAGE) fund
- Newfoundland and Labrador Forestry and Agrifoods Agency
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency
- Newfoundland and Labrador Research and Development Corporation
A study identified novel parvoviruses in ducks and characterized two viral species within the subfamily Hamaparvovirinae (duck-associated chapparvovirus, DAC) and a novel species within the subfamily Densovirinae (duck-associated ambidensovirus, DAAD). The prevalence of DAC and DAAD in ducks was 5.7% and 21.1% respectively, with higher detection rates in autumn. Phylogenetic analysis suggested high diversity of avian-associated parvoviruses, with potential for new discoveries in the future.
Parvoviruses are small single-stranded DNA viruses that can infect both vertebrates and invertebrates. We report here the full characterization of novel viruses we identified in ducks, including two viral species within the subfamily Hamaparvovirinae (duck-associated chapparvovirus, DAC) and a novel species within the subfamily Densovirinae (duck-associated ambidensovirus, DAAD). Overall, 5.7% and 21.1% of the 123 screened ducks (American black ducks, mallards, northern pintail) were positive for DAC and DAAD, respectively, and both viruses were more frequently detected in autumn than in winter. Genome organization and predicted transcription profiles of DAC and DAAD were similar to viruses of the genera Chaphamaparvovirus and Protoambidensovirus, respectively. Their association to these genera was also demonstrated by subfamily-wide phylogenetic and distance analyses of non-structural protein NS1 sequences. While DACs were included in a highly supported clade of avian viruses, no definitive conclusions could be drawn about the host type of DAAD because it was phylogenetically close to viruses found in vertebrates and invertebrates and analyses of codon usage bias and nucleotide frequencies of viruses within the family Parvoviridae showed no clear host-based viral segregation. This study highlights the high parvoviral diversity in the avian reservoir with many avian-associated parvoviruses likely yet to be discovered.
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