4.5 Article

Amphibioplanidae: a new branch and family on the phylogenetic tree of the triclad flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), represented by a species from Sardinian caves with a remarkable lifestyle

期刊

ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
卷 193, 期 4, 页码 1364-1391

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa183

关键词

Amphibioplana; amphibious lifestyle; integrative taxonomy; insular Italy; Mediterranean; molecular systematics; new genus; stygofauna

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资金

  1. Regione Autonoma della Sardegna project Conservazione e valorizzazione delle grotte sarde: biodiversita e ruolo socio-economicoculturale [RAS2012-LR7/2007-CRP-60215]
  2. Fondazione di Sardegna [FdS-2016 CUP J86C1800082005]
  3. Temminck Fellowship from Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
  4. SYNTHESYS (European Union) [NL-TAF 3687, NL-TAF 8228]
  5. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades [PGC2018-093924-B-100]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

In this study, a new taxon of cave-dwelling flatworms from Sardinia, Italy is described, including its phylogenetic position, anatomical features, and ecology. The new species, named Amphibioplana onnisi, exhibits unique morphological characteristics and an amphibious lifestyle in groundwater microcrevices and cave pools. The molecular analysis reveals its relationship with other flatworm families, suggesting a novel evolutionary scenario and distribution pattern in Sardinian caves.
In this study we document the phylogenetic position and the anatomical and ecological characteristics of a new taxon of cave-dwelling triclad flatworms. This species from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia (Italy) forms a separate branch on the phylogenetic tree of the planarians for which we proposed a new genus and placed it in a new family. Molecular analysis reveals a sister-group relationship between this new family, Amphibioplanidae, and the family Dimarcusidae of the suborder Cavernicola, together constituting the sister-group of the suborder Maricola. The new species Amphibioplana onnisi Stocchino & Sluys, sp. nov. is slender and furnished with an epidermis that is abundantly and uniformly provided with cilia and rhabdites. The pharynx presents an oesophageal projection pointing into the pharynx lumen. Ovaries are located far behind the brain. A relatively long common oviduct opens into the diverticulum of the bursal canal. The probursal copulatory bursa is lined with a highly vacuolated, syncytial epithelium. The habitat of this species is formed by groundwater in microcrevices of the epikarst and temporary cave pools, but the animals can survive in a basically terrestrial environment, thus exhibiting an amphibious lifestyle. Some tentative scenarios are discussed for the evolution of the new taxon and for the presence of the new species in three separate caves in Sardinia.

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