期刊
WATER RESEARCH
卷 190, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116678
关键词
Primary amine-functionalization; Forward osmosis; Ammonium rejection; Anti-fouling; Domestic wastewater treatment
资金
- Starting Funding of Sichuan University, China [1082204112279]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52000132]
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [002195-00001]
This study fabricated amine-functionalized osmotic membranes with improved anti-fouling capability and ammonium selectivity by optimizing the grafting pathway of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer. Membranes with a moderate primary amine loading showed the highest anti-fouling capability and excellent ammonium rejection.
Membrane fouling and ammonium transmembrane diffusion simultaneously pose great challenges in membrane-based pre-concentration of domestic wastewater for efficient subsequent resources recovery (i.e., energy and nutrients). Herein, amine-functionalized osmotic membranes were fabricated by optimizing the grafting pathway of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer to mitigate fouling and ammonium transmembrane diffusion. Compared to the control membrane, the PAMAM-grafted membranes with abundant primary amine groups possessed substantially increased hydrophilicity and positive charges (i.e., protonated primary amines) and thus exhibited superior anti-fouling capability and ammonium selectivity. With further increasing the PAMAM grafting ratio, the membrane exhibited a steady enhancement in ammonium selectivity and eventually achieved an ultra-high ammonium rejection of 99.4%. Nevertheless, the anti-fouling capability of such ammonium ultra-selective membrane was weakened due to the suppression of the adverse impact of excessive positive charges over the beneficial effect of increased surface hydrophilicity. This in turn leads to a drop of ammonium rejection below 90% during domestic wastewater concentration. This study demonstrates that the membrane with a moderate primary amine loading could achieve the highest anti-fouling capability with only less than 10% flux decline and meanwhile maintain an excellent ammonium rejection above 94% during raw domestic wastewater concentration. This work provides theoretical guidance for fabricating simultaneously enhanced anti-fouling and ammonia-rejecting membranes. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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