期刊
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 42, 期 3, 页码 228-247出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.01.005
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资金
- Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University
- Hertie Foundation [P1180016]
- Wellcome Trust [PSAG/097]
- European Research Council
- Adelson Medical Research Foundation
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society [FG-1902-33617, RG-1907-34756]
- German Research Foundation [SCHI 1330/2-1]
- National Institutes of Health [NS083513, R37NS041435, R01MH113743]
- Department of Defense [W81XWH191062]
Recent advances in research have identified various glial cell subtypes under inflammatory conditions, which play important roles in the progression of neurological diseases. Through the application of new technologies, we are able to better understand the pathology of multiple sclerosis.
Glial subtype diversity is an emerging topic in neurobiology and immune-mediated neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We discuss recent conceptual and technological advances that allow a better understanding of the transcriptomic and functional heterogeneity of oligodendrocytes (OLs), astrocytes, and microglial cells under inflammatory-demyelinating conditions. Recent single cell transcriptomic studies suggest the occurrence of novel homeostatic and reactive glial subtypes and provide insight into the molecular events during disease progression. Multiplexed RNA in situ hybridization has enabled 'mapping back' dysregulated gene expression to glial subtypes within the MS lesion microenvironment. These findings suggest novel homeostatic and reactive glial-cell-type functions both in immune-related processes and neuroprotection relevant to understanding the pathology of MS.
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