Surface dynamic subsidence prediction model of solid backfill mining

Solid backfill mining is a filling mining method that integrates subsidence control and solid waste disposal and is an effective way to extract coal under buildings, railways and water bodies. In this study, we propose a prediction model to accurately predict the surface dynamic subsidence process of solid backfill mining and assess mining damage. First, a dynamic subsidence function of roof in solid backfill mining was established, whose validity was verified using in situ measured subsidence data from the roof of two backfill working faces. Then, this function and the Knothe time function were combined to create a dynamic surface subsidence prediction model of solid backfilling mining, which accumulates surface subsidence caused by backfilling materials' compression deformation at different times. Finally, an engineering case study demonstrates that the model is effective. This prediction model provides scientific reference for guidance in the design of solid backfill mining and the reduction in mining damage.