Functional surface microstructures inspired by nature ? From adhesion and wetting principles to sustainable new devices

In the course of evolution nature has arrived at startling materials solutions to ensure survival. Investigations into biological surfaces, ranging from plants, insects and geckos to aquatic animals, have inspired the design of intricate surface patterns to create useful functionalities. This paper reviews the fundamental interaction mechanisms of such micropatterns with liquids, solids, and soft matter such as skin for control of wetting, self-cleaning, anti-fouling, adhesion, skin adherence, and sensing. Compared to conventional chemical strategies, the paradigm of micropatterning enables solutions with superior resource efficiency and sustainability. Associated applications range from water management and robotics to future health monitoring devices. We finally provide an overview of the relevant patterning methods as an appendix.

Automated summary

By studying the interaction mechanisms between micro-patterns on biological surfaces and substances, it is possible to control wetting, self-cleaning, anti-fouling, adhesion, and other functions. This micropatterning paradigm offers solutions with superior resource efficiency and sustainability compared to conventional chemical strategies. Applications range from water management and robotics to future health monitoring devices.