期刊
出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015158118
关键词
Arctic; Betula nana; climate change; Salix glauca; species distributions
资金
- NASA [NNX11AO47G]
- US NSF [1108425, 0124031, 0217259, 0724711, 0713994, 0732168, 0902125, 1107381, 1525636, 1748052]
- Aarhus University Research Foundation
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [754513]
- National Geographic Society for Research and Exploration
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0124031] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP) [0713994, 0732168] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [0902125, 1108425, 1107381] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
A major challenge in predicting species' distributional responses to climate change involves understanding interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in structuring ecological communities. Recent theory proposes a resolution to the dichotomy of potentially competing species covarying positively at large scales but negatively at local scales, but empirical tests have been behind such developments. This study provides empirical support for theoretical solutions to this ecological puzzle, demonstrating the roles of both abiotic and biotic factors in the covariation of species at different scales.
A major challenge in predicting species' distributional responses to climate change involves resolving interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in structuring ecological communities. This challenge reflects the classical conceptualization of species' regional distributions as simultaneously constrained by climatic conditions, while by necessity emerging from local biotic interactions. A ubiquitous pattern in nature illustrates this dichotomy: potentially competing species covary positively at large scales but negatively at local scales. Recent theory poses a resolution to this conundrum by predicting roles of both abiotic and biotic factors in covariation of species at both scales, but empirical tests have lagged such developments. We conducted a 15-y warming and herbivoreexclusion experiment to investigate drivers of opposing patterns of covariation between two codominant arctic shrub species at large and local scales. Climatic conditions and biotic exploitation mediated both positive covariation between these species at the landscape scale and negative covariation between them locally. Furthermore, covariation between the two species conferred resilience in ecosystem carbon uptake. This study thus lends empirical support to developing theoretical solutions to a long-standing ecological puzzle, while highlighting its relevance to understanding community compositional responses to climate change.
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