Bioactive dammarane triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus

Thirteen undescribed dammarane triterpenoid saponins (cypaliurusides A-M), including eleven seco-dammarane type triterpenoids, were isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus. Each of these compounds has the unique feature of having a monosaccharide attached to C-11, rather than C-12, compared to the same type of saponins found in this plant. The structures of them were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Cypaliuruside J showed significant alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 2.22 +/- 0.13 mu M. In addition, Cypaliurusides F and K exhibited modest cytotoxic activities against selected human cancer cell lines in vitro, with IC50 values ranging from 4.61 +/- 0.13 to 15.23 +/- 3.88 mu M.

Automated summary

Thirteen undescribed dammarane triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus, with unique structural features and bioactivities such as significant alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect and modest cytotoxic activities against human cancer cell lines.