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A fixed-target programme at the LHC: Physics case and projected performances for heavy-ion, hadron, spin and astroparticle studies

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出版社

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2021.01.002

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资金

  1. European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement STRONG-2020 [824093]
  2. European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [647981]
  3. U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
  4. European Commission [795475]
  5. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515 [SLAC-PUB-17291]]
  6. ERC Ideas Consolidator Grant CRYSBEAM G.A [615089]
  7. RFBR/CNRS [18-52-15007]
  8. NSFC [11575094]
  9. National Science Centre, Poland [2017/26/M/ST2/01074]
  10. French CNRS via the COPIN-IN2P3 agreement
  11. IN2P3
  12. Franco-Spanish PICS ``Excitonium''
  13. project Quarkonium4AFTER of the Franco-Chinese LIA FCPPL
  14. P2IO Labex via the ``Gluodynamics'' project
  15. Paris-Saclay U. via the P2I Department
  16. ILP Labex [ANR-11-IDEX0004-02, ANR-10-LABX-63]
  17. Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CERN/FIS-PAR/0015/2017]
  18. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [FPA2017-83814-P]
  19. Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maetzu [MDM-2016-0692]
  20. Paris-Saclay U
  21. JSPS
  22. ``Departments of Excellence 2018-2022'' Grant - Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) [L.232/2016]
  23. [JLAB-THY-18-2756]
  24. Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [795475] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
  25. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [CERN/FIS-PAR/0015/2017] Funding Source: FCT

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This study reviews the context, motivations, and expected performances of a comprehensive and ambitious fixed-target program using multi-TeV proton and ion LHC beams, as well as different possible technical implementations. It also discusses the possibilities offered by the use of the ALICE and LHCb detectors in fixed-target mode.
We review the context, the motivations and the expected performances of a comprehensive and ambitious fixed-target programme using the multi-TeV proton and ion LHC beams. We also provide a detailed account of the different possible technical implementations ranging from an internal wire target to a full dedicated beam line extracted with a bent crystal. The possibilities offered by the use of the ALICE and LHCb detectors in the fixed-target mode are also reviewed. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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