期刊
ENTROPY
卷 18, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/e18110391
关键词
Fourier's law; Cattaneo-Vernotte model; single-phase-lagging model; laws of thermodynamics
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51322603, 51676108, 51136001, 51356001]
- Science Fund for Creative Research Groups [51321002]
Thermodynamics problems for the single-phase-lagging (SPL) model have not been much studied. In this paper, the violation of the second law of thermodynamics by the SPL model is studied from two perspectives, which are the negative entropy production rate and breaking equilibrium spontaneously. The methods for the SPL model to avoid the negative entropy production rate are proposed, which are extended irreversible thermodynamics and the thermal relaxation time. Modifying the entropy production rate positive or zero is not enough to avoid the violation of the second law of thermodynamics for the SPL model, because the SPL model could cause breaking equilibrium spontaneously in some special circumstances. As comparison, it is shown that Fourier's law and the CV model cannot break equilibrium spontaneously by analyzing mathematical energy integral.
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