期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 230, 期 6, 页码 2371-2386出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17342
关键词
amyloplast; BGC1; endosperm; granule initiation; SS4; starch; starch synthesis; wheat
资金
- John Innes Foundation (JIF) Chris J. Leaver Fellowship
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, UK) Future Leader Fellowship [BB/P010814/1]
- JIF Rotation PhD studentship
- BBSRC Institute Strategic Program [BBS/E/J/000PR9790, BBS/E/J/000PR9799]
- Quadram BBSRC Institute Strategic Program grant Food Innovation and Health [BB/R012512/1, BBS/E/F/000PR10343, BBS/E/F/000PR10345, BBS/E/F/000PR10346]
- BBSRC [BBS/E/F/000PR10345, BBS/E/F/000PR10346, BBS/E/J/000PR9790, BB/P010814/1, BBS/E/F/000PR10343] Funding Source: UKRI
The role of SS4 in wheat grain development was investigated through TILLING mutants, which showed severe alterations in starch granule morphology. SS4 deficiency results in compound granule formation, similar to mutants deficient in BGC1. Both SS4 and BGC1 are required for proper control of granule initiation during early grain development, leading to the formation of a single A-type granule per amyloplast.
Starch granule initiation is poorly understood at the molecular level. The glucosyltransferase, STARCH SYNTHASE 4 (SS4), plays a central role in granule initiation in Arabidopsis leaves, but its function in cereal endosperms is unknown. We investigated the role of SS4 in wheat, which has a distinct spatiotemporal pattern of granule initiation during grain development. We generated TILLING mutants in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum) that are defective in both SS4 homoeologs. The morphology of endosperm starch was examined in developing and mature grains. SS4 deficiency led to severe alterations in endosperm starch granule morphology. During early grain development, while the wild-type initiated single 'A-type' granules per amyloplast, most amyloplasts in the mutant formed compound granules due to multiple initiations. This phenotype was similar to mutants deficient in B-GRANULE CONTENT 1 (BGC1). SS4 deficiency also reduced starch content in leaves and pollen grains. We propose that SS4 and BGC1 are required for the proper control of granule initiation during early grain development that leads to a single A-type granule per amyloplast. The absence of either protein results in a variable number of initiations per amyloplast and compound granule formation.
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