期刊
NEUROSCIENTIST
卷 28, 期 2, 页码 180-193出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1073858421990001
关键词
Parkinson’ s disease; exosomes; pathology spreading; PD progression; therapy; drug delivery carriers
资金
- Miguel Servet contract [CP15/00200]
Exosomes play a crucial role in Parkinson's disease progression by spreading pathological proteins, activating immune cells, and inducing neuroinflammatory responses; Glial cell-derived exosomes may contribute to the propagation of neuroinflammation; Exosomes have potential as a drug delivery system, especially for targeting therapeutic agents to the brain.
Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes play a key role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Exosomes may contribute to the PD progression facilitating the spread of pathological alpha-synuclein or activating immune cells. Glial cells also release exosomes, and transmission of exosomes derived from activated glial cells containing inflammatory mediators may contribute to the propagation of the neuroinflammatory response. Glia-to-neuron transmission of exosomes containing alpha-synuclein may contribute to alpha-synuclein propagation and neurodegeneration. Additionally, miRNAs can be transmitted among cells via exosomes inducing changes in the genetic program of the target cell contributing to PD progression. Exosomes also represent a promising drug delivery system. The brain is a difficult target for drugs of all classes because the blood-brain barrier excludes most macromolecular drugs. One of the major challenges is the development of vehicles for robust delivery to the brain. Targeted exosomes may have the potential for delivering therapeutic agents, including proteins and gene therapy molecules, into the brain. This review summarizes recent advances in the role of exosomes in PD pathology progression and their potential use as drug delivery system for PD treatment, the two faces of the exosomes in PD.
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