期刊
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
卷 186, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108463
关键词
3 alpha,5 alpha-THP; CRF; HPA axis; Extrahypothalamic CRF; Sex differences
资金
- National Institutes of Health [NIAAA-R01-AA024095]
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
CRF is the main activator of the HPA axis in response to stress, with CRF neurons mainly located in the hypothalamus. 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP attenuates the stress response by reducing hypothalamic CRF mRNA expression and serum corticosterone levels. Sex and region-specific regulation of CRF signals in response to 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP administration may be essential for developing therapies for stress-related disorders and addiction.
CRF is the main activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. CRF neurons are found mainly in the hypothalamus, but CRF positive cells and CRF1 receptors are also found in extra-hypothalamic structures, including amygdala (CeA), hippocampus, NAc and VTA. CRF release in the hypo-thalamus is regulated by inhibitory GABAergic interneurons and extrahypothalamic glutamatergic inputs, and disruption of this balance is found in stress-related disorders and addiction. (3 alpha,5 alpha)3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (3 alpha,5 alpha-THP), the most potent positive modulator of GABAA receptors, attenuates the stress response reducing hypothalamic CRF mRNA expression and ACTH and corticosterone serum levels. In this study, we explored 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP regulation of hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic CRF mRNA and peptide expression, in male and female Sprague Dawley rats, following vehicle or 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP administration (15 mg/kg). In the hypothalamus, we found sex differences in CRF mRNA expression (females +74%, p < 0.01) and CRF peptide levels (females-71%, p < 0.001). 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP administration reduced hypothalamic CRF mRNA expression only in males (-50%, p < 0.05) and did not alter CRF peptide expression in either sex. In hippocampus and CeA, 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP administration reduced CRF peptide concentrations only in the male (hippocampus-29%, p < 0.05; CeA-62%, p < 0.01). In contrast, 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP injection increased CRF peptide concentration in the VTA of both males (+32%, p < 0.01) and females (+26%, p < 0.01). The results show sex and region-specific regulation of CRF signals and the response to 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP administration. This data may be key to successful development of therapeutic approaches for stress-related disorders and addiction.
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