期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 21, 期 6, 页码 2444-2452出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04667
关键词
high quality plasmons; copper plasmonics; nanowire plasmons; electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS); electron energy-gain spectroscopy (EEGS)
类别
资金
- National Agency for Research under the program of future investment TEMPOS CHROMATEM [ANR-10-EQPX-50]
- European Commission [823717, 101017720, 964591]
- European Research Council [789104-eNANO]
- 2017-2018 France-Taiwan Orchid Program [106-2911-I-005-501]
- Spanish MINECO [MAT201788492-R, MAT2017-86659-R, SEV2015-0522]
- Catalan CERCA Program
- Fundacios Cellex
- MirPuig
- Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action SHINE (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019) [894847]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [894847] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
This study demonstrates high-quality vis-IR plasmons with quality factors >60 in long copper nanowires, determined by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. By comparing measurements of silver and copper nanowires of different diameters, the relative importance of radiative and nonradiative losses in plasmons is elucidated, revealing copper's potential advantages in high-quality plasmonics in elongated nanostructures.
Silver, king among plasmonic materials, features low inelastic absorption in the visible-infrared (vis-IR) spectral region compared to other metals. In contrast, copper is commonly regarded as too lossy for actual applications. Here, we demonstrate vis-IR plasmons with quality factors >60 in long copper nanowires (NWs), as determined by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. We explain this result by noticing that most of the electromagnetic energy in these plasmons lies outside the metal, thus becoming less sensitive to inelastic absorption. Measurements for silver and copper NWs of different diameters allow us to elucidate the relative importance of radiative and nonradiative losses in plasmons spanning a wide spectral range down to <20 meV. Thermal population of such low-energy modes becomes significant and generates electron energy gains associated with plasmon absorption, rendering an experimental determination of the NW temperature. Copper is therefore emerging as an attractive, cheap, abundant material platform for high-quality plasmonics in elongated nanostructures.
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