期刊
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
卷 65, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100078
关键词
choline; kynurenine; methyl‐ deficient diet; probiotics; tryptophan
资金
- Fonden af Fam. Kjaergaard, Sunds
- Beckett-Fonden
- Fonden til Laegevidenskabens Fremme
- Graduate School of Health (Aarhus University, Denmark)
- Danish Council for Independent Research [DFF - 5053-00103]
- Lallemand Health Solutions Inc. (Montreal, QC, Canada)
The study showed that probiotics can counterbalance the effects of an MDD diet and downregulate downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Additionally, the combination of probiotics and choline can reduce the enrichment of bacterial strains in the cecum.
Scope Probiotics exert immunomodulatory effects and may influence tryptophan metabolism in the host. Deficiency of nutrients related to C1 metabolism might stimulate inflammation by enhancing the kynurenine pathway. This study used Sprague Dawley rats to investigate whether a methyl-deficient diet (MDD) may influence tryptophan/kynurenine pathways and cytokines and whether probiotics can mitigate these effects. Methods and Results Rats are fed a control or MDD diet. Animals on the MDD diet received vehicle, probiotics (L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175), choline, or probiotics + choline for 10 weeks (n = 10 per group). Concentrations of plasma kynurenine metabolites and the methylation and inflammatory markers in plasma and liver are measured. Results MDD animals (vs controls) show upregulation of plasma kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyxanthranilic acid, quinolinic acid, nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide (all p < 0.05). In the MDD rats, the probiotics (vs vehicle) cause lower anthranilic acid and a trend towards lower kynurenic acid and picolinic acid. Compared to probiotics alone, probiotics + choline is associated with a reduced enrichment of the bacterial strains in cecum. The interventions have no effect on inflammatory markers. Conclusions Probiotics counterbalance the effect of MDD diet and downregulate downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway.
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