Universal nature and specific features of streamers in various dielectric media

In this paper, a review of general and specific properties of ionization waves-streamers is presented. Characteristics of streamers in gases and liquids, sprites in the Earth's atmosphere and guided streamers in cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jets are discussed. Information on streamer structure, propagation velocity and radius, parameters of the streamer plasma (electron density in the streamer channel, peak electric field in the streamer head) in various media, obtained using diagnostic methods, numerical modeling and analytical approach, is analyzed.

Automated summary

This paper presents a review of general and specific properties of ionization waves-streamers, discussing characteristics of streamers in gases and liquids, sprites in the Earth's atmosphere, and guided streamers in cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jets. Information on streamer structure, propagation velocity, and radius, as well as parameters of the streamer plasma obtained using diagnostic methods, numerical modeling, and analytical approach in various media are analyzed.