Antimicrobial and anthelmintic activities of the ethanolic extract, fractions and isolated compounds from Manilkara zapota L. P. Royen (Sapotaceae)

Objectives To evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities of the ethanolic extract (EEMz), fractions (LPFMz and HPFMz) and compounds isolated from the leaves of Manilkara zapota L. P. Royen. Methods Extract and fractions were produced by turbolization. LPFMz fraction was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds from HPFMz were purified by flash and preparative chromatographic methods, and chemically characterised by UPLC-ESITOFMS, optical rotation, and one- and two-dimensional H-1 and C-13 NMR techniques. Anthelmintic against Strongyloides venezuelensis and antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. Key findings EEMz showed mainly phenolic compounds and pentacyclic triterpenes from Delta 12-oleane/Delta 12-ursane series. Chlorogenic acid, myricetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, mearnsitrin, germanicol and germanicol acetate were reported to M. zapota leaves for the first time in this work. EEMz, HPFMz, LPFMz showed significative activity against C. albicans (16 mu g/mL), while isolated flavonoids were active against S. aureus (< 32 mu g/mL). EEMz, phenolic-rich compounds (F-2), and chlorogenic acid were potentially active against S. venezuelensis at 24 h. Conclusions M. zapota and its bioactive compound can be eligible such as a potential phytomedicine for the treatment of microbial and strongyloidiasis drug-resistant infections.

Automated summary

Manilkara zapota leaves contain phenolic compounds and triterpenes that exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, with some compounds showing anthelmintic properties as well. This suggests that M. zapota and its bioactive compounds may serve as potential phytomedicines for the treatment of drug-resistant infections.