期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
卷 157, 期 5, 页码 1585-1614出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15343
关键词
alcohol seeking; animal model; dopamine; GABA; glutamate; opioid receptors; relapse
资金
- Swedish Research Council, VR project [2018-02320]
- Swedish Research Council [2018-02320] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- Vinnova [2018-02320] Funding Source: Vinnova
The study examines alcohol addiction as a chronic brain disease characterized by impairment in controlling alcohol use, with a focus on preventing relapse through preclinical models and neurobiological findings. Opioids systems, corticotropin-release hormone, neurokinins, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic neurotransmissions play a crucial role in alcohol seeking behavior.
Alcohol addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disease characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse consequences. A main challenge of addiction treatment is to prevent relapse, which occurs in more than >50% of newly abstinent patients with alcohol disorder within 3 months. In people suffering from alcohol addiction, stressful events, drug-associated cues and contexts, or re-exposure to a small amount of alcohol trigger a chain of behaviors that frequently culminates in relapse. In this review, we first present the preclinical models that were developed for the study of alcohol seeking behavior, namely the reinstatement model of alcohol relapse and compulsive alcohol seeking under a chained schedule of reinforcement. We then provide an overview of the neurobiological findings obtained using these animal models, focusing on the role of opioids systems, corticotropin-release hormone and neurokinins, followed by dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic neurotransmissions in alcohol seeking behavior.
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