Optimal methods for preparation, separation, and determination of radium isotopes in environmental and biological samples

In recent years, radium has attracted considerable attention primarily because of the rapid increase in unconventional (fracking) drilling technology in the United States and around the world. One of the major radionuclides of interest in unconventional drilling wastes is radium isotopes (Ra-224, Ra-226, Ra-228). To access long-term risks associated with radium isotopes entering into the environment, accurate measurements of radium isotopes in environmental and biological samples are crucial. This article reviews many aspects of radium chemistry, which includes recent developments in radiochemical separations methods, advancements in analytical techniques followed by a more detailed discussion on the recent trends in radium determination.

Automated summary

In recent years, radium has gained attention due to the rise of unconventional drilling technology, particularly in the United States, which has led to increased interest in radium isotopes such as Ra-224, Ra-226, and Ra-228. Accurate measurements of radium isotopes in environmental and biological samples are essential for assessing long-term risks associated with their presence in the environment. This article reviews various aspects of radium chemistry, including recent advancements in radiochemical separations methods and analytical techniques, as well as recent trends in radium determination.