期刊
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
卷 138, 期 28, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/app.50684
关键词
mechanical properties; rheology; rubber
资金
- Almond Board of California
- Western Reserve Chemical
- Eastman Chemical
- Cabot Corporation
- Mariani Nut Company
- French Camp Grain Elevators
This study explored the feasibility of using torrefied biomass as a reinforcing filler in natural rubber compounds, with results showing that moderate substitution concentrations (around 20 phr) could be applicable for some natural rubber applications.
This study explored the feasibility of using torrefied biomass as a reinforcing filler in natural rubber compounds. Carbon black was then replaced with the torrefied biomass in elastomer formulations for concentrations varying from 0% to 100% (60 parts per hundred rubber or phr total). Their influence on the curing process, dynamic properties, and mechanical properties was investigated. Results were compared with the properties of vulcanizates containing solely carbon black fillers. Time to cure (t(90)) for compounds with torrefied biomass fillers increased, while filler-filler interactions (Delta G') decreased, compared to carbon black controls. At low strains, the tan delta values of the torrefied fillers vulcanizates were similar to the controls. Incorporation of torrefied biomass into natural rubber decreased compound tensile strength and modulus but increased elongation. Replacement with torrefied fillers resulted in a weaker filler network in the matrix. Still, results showed that moderate substitution concentrations (similar to 20 phr) could be feasible for some natural rubber applications.
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