期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 22, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062871
关键词
HIV-1; Pr55(Gag) precursor; post-translational modifications; retroviral Gag precursors; retroviral life cycle
资金
- Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les hepatites virales (ANRS)
- SIDACTION
- IdEx (Initiative d'Excellence, Universite de Strasbourg, France)
- French ministry of Research and Higher Education
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play key roles in regulating the functions and replication of HIV-1 Pr55(Gag), affecting its localization and infection mechanisms. These modifications also facilitate viral uncoating and assembly by allowing the virus to hijack cellular machinery.
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play key roles in eukaryotes since they finely regulate numerous mechanisms used to diversify the protein functions and to modulate their signaling networks. Besides, these chemical modifications also take part in the viral hijacking of the host, and also contribute to the cellular response to viral infections. All domains of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag precursor of 55-kDa (Pr55(Gag)), which is the central actor for viral RNA specific recruitment and genome packaging, are post-translationally modified. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about HIV-1 Pr55(Gag) PTMs such as myristoylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, methylation, and ISGylation in order to figure out how these modifications affect the precursor functions and viral replication. Indeed, in HIV-1, PTMs regulate the precursor trafficking between cell compartments and its anchoring at the plasma membrane, where viral assembly occurs. Interestingly, PTMs also allow Pr55(Gag) to hijack the cell machinery to achieve viral budding as they drive recognition between viral proteins or cellular components such as the ESCRT machinery. Finally, we will describe and compare PTMs of several other retroviral Gag proteins to give a global overview of their role in the retroviral life cycle.
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