Different chemical effect of hydrogen addition on soot formation in laminar coflow methane and ethylene diffusion flames

Previous studies showed that adding hydrogen (H-2) can have an opposite chemical effect on soot formation: its chemical effect enhances and suppresses soot formation in methane (CH4) and ethylene (C2H4) diffusion flames, respectively. Such opposite chemical effect of H-2 (CE-H-2) remains unresolved. The different CE-H-2 is studied numerically in the two laminar coflow diffusion flames. A detailed chemical mechanism with the addition of a chemically inert virtual species FH2 is used to model the gas-phase combustion chemistry in this study. Particularly, a reaction pathway analysis was performed based on the numerical results to gain insights into how H-2 addition to fuel affects the pathways leading to the formation of benzene (A(1)) in CH4 and C2H4 flames. The numerical results show that the CE-H-2 in CH4 diffusion flame to prompt soot formation is ascribed that the higher mole fraction of H atom promotes the formation of A(1) and Acetylene (C2H2) and leads to higher nucleation rate and eventually higher soot surface growth rate. In contrast, adding H-2 to C2H4 diffusion flames decreases soot nucleation and surface growth rate. The lower soot nucleation rate is due to the lower mole fractions of pyrene (A(4)), while the lower soot surface growth rate is due to the lower mole fractions of H atom and C2H2, higher mole fraction of H-2 and lower soot nucleation rate. Furthermore, the CE-H-2 in C2H4 diffusion flames promotes the formation of A(1), but suppresses the formation of A4. (C) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Previous studies have shown that adding hydrogen can have opposite effects on soot formation in methane and ethylene diffusion flames. The increase in H atom mole fraction in methane flames promotes soot formation, while the decrease in pyrene mole fraction in ethylene flames suppresses soot formation.