The effect of repeated laundering on the softness and smoothness of terry-cloth towels using a sound spectrum analysis

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of laundering on the softness and smoothness of terry-cloth towels by different washing machine type, washing temperature, drying method and the use of fabric softener, using a newly developed sound spectrum analysis known as Textile Softness Analyzer. Design/methodology/approach The experiment was designed to analyze the most significant laundering parameter in the reduction of softness and smoothness of terry cloth during one laundering cycle up to ten cycles by testing samples using TSA machine. Findings A front-loading washer had a significant effect on reducing softness and smoothness in comparison to a top-loading machine; line-drying resulted in a higher decrease in softness and smoothness than tumble-drying. Washing temperature showed no significant effect, and the use of softener during washing was able to reduce the negative effect of line-drying on the softness and smoothness of terry cloth. Originality/value This paper provided information on the laundering parameters that can maintain the softness and smoothness of terry-cloth towels, and this was examined with sound spectrum analysis to measure softness and smoothness of textiles.

Automated summary

The study found that front-loading washing machines are more likely to reduce the softness and smoothness of terry-cloth towels compared to top-loading machines, and line-drying has a greater impact on softness and smoothness than tumble-drying. Washing temperature has no significant effect, and using fabric softener can mitigate the negative effects of line-drying on the softness and smoothness of terry cloth.