期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
卷 40, 期 2, 页码 539-548出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2020.3031318
关键词
Phantoms; X-ray imaging; Breast; Numerical models; Task analysis; Photonics; In silico imaging; mammography; phase contrast; radiography; wave propagation; x-ray
类别
资金
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
Propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging is a promising technique for improving dose efficiency in clinical imaging. In silico tools play a crucial role in understanding imaging mechanisms, with wave propagation methods preferred due to their coherent nature. However, the high wave-front sampling requirements for WP simulations often limit the use of virtual anthropomorphic voxel-based phantoms.
Propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging is an emerging technique that can improve dose efficiency in clinical imaging. In silico tools are key to understanding the fundamental imaging mechanisms and develop new applications. Here, due to the coherent nature of the phase-contrast effects, tools based on wave propagation (WP) are preferred over Monte Carlo (MC) based methods. WP simulations require very high wave-front sampling which typically limits simulations to small idealized objects. Virtual anthropomorphic voxel-based phantoms are typically provided with a resolution lower than imposed sampling requirements and, thus, cannot be directly translated for use in WP simulations. In the present paper we propose a general strategy to enable the use of these phantoms for WP simulations. The strategy is based on upsampling in the 3D domain followed by projection resulting in high-resolution maps of the projected thickness for each phantom material. These maps can then be efficiently used for simulations of Fresnel diffraction to generate in silico phase-contrast X-ray images. We demonstrate the strategy on an anthropomorphic breast phantom to simulate propagation-based phase-contrast mammography using a laboratory micro-focus X-ray source.
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