期刊
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
卷 48, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1029/2020GL090033
关键词
cosmic ray albedo; cosmic ray showers; neutron bursts; neutron flash; terrestrial gamma ray flashes; TGF
资金
- Domestic Nuclear Detection Office [HSH-QDC-16-X-00088]
- Laboratory Directed Research and Development project in Los Alamos National Laboratory [20170179ER]
- US National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1613028]
- US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics
- Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Mexico [271051, 232656, 260378, 179588, 239762, 254964, 271737, 258865, 243290, 132197, 281653, Catedras 873, 1563, 341]
- Laboratorio Nacional HAWC de rayos gamma
- L'OREAL Fellowship for Women in Science 2014
- Red HAWC, Mexico
- DGAPA-UNAM [AG100317, IN111315, IN111716-3, IA102715, IN109916, IA100027, IN112218]
- VIEP-BUAP
- PIFI 2012
- PROFOCIE 2014
- University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Institute of Geophysics, Planetary Physics, and Signatures at Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Polish Science Center [DEC-2014/13/B/ST9/945, DEC-2017/27/B/ST9/02272]
- Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica de la Universidad Michoacana
- Royal Society, Newton Advanced Fellowship [180385]
- PIFI 2013
- PROFOCIE 2015
The study reports anomalously long duration count rate bursts following the impact of cosmic ray showers, termed neutron bursts, near a LaBr3 scintillation detector in Mexico. The characteristic spectra and count rates of these bursts are well explained by neutron absorption in the ground, suggesting similar neutron bursts may be produced by other natural phenomena such as Terrestrial gamma ray flashes.
We report on anomalously long duration (2 ms) count rate bursts following the impact of cosmic ray showers near a 7.62 cm x circle divide 7.62 cm LaBr3 scintillation detector at the High Altitude Water Cherenkov array in Mexico, previously described by Stenkin et al. (2001), and termed neutron bursts. The largest burst produced 198 counts within 2 ms in our LaBr3 detector. We simulate the neutron burst albedo flux (that is, secondary emissions from an extensive air shower core impacting the ground), and show that (1) the characteristic spectra and count rates are well explained by neutron absorption in the ground and (2) any cosmic ray secondary that produces neutrons, either through hadron inelastic collisions, or photoneutron production by gamma-rays, produces the same characteristic spectra. This implies that other natural phenomena that produce downward beams of gamma-rays, like Terrestrial gamma ray flashes, should produce a similar neutron burst signature from the photoneutron reactions occurring in the soil.
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