4.7 Article

Assessing the life cycle study of alternative earth-retaining walls from an environmental and economic viewpoint

期刊

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 28, 期 28, 页码 37387-37399

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SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13190-4

关键词

Sustainable material; Decision-making; Multi-criteria decision making; Earth-retaining wall; Life cycle assessment; Life cycle cost

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This study assessed the sustainability of different earth-retaining walls, finding that the Gabion Wall was the most environmentally friendly option, while the Cantilever Concrete Wall was the most cost-effective choice.
This research aims to assess the sustainability of the most common earth-retaining walls (Gravity Walls and Cantilever Walls) in terms of environmental impacts, economic issues, and their combination. Gravity walls observed in this study consist of Gabion Wall, Crib Wall, and Rubble Masonry Wall, while Cantilever Walls include Reinforced Concrete Wall. Six different criteria were taken into account, including global warming potential, fossil depletion potential, eutrophication potential, acidification potential, human toxicity potential, and cost. To achieve the aim of this study, life cycle assessments, life cycle costs, and multi-criteria decision-making methods were implemented. The results showed that the most environmental-friendly option among all alternatives was the Gabion Wall, followed by the Rubble Masonry Wall. However, in terms of economic aspects, the Cantilever Concrete Wall was the best option, costing about 17% less than the Gabion Wall. On the other hand, the results of multi-criteria decision-making showed that the Gabion Wall was the most sustainable choice. This study addressed the research gap by carrying out a sustainability assessment of different retaining walls while considering cost and environmental impacts at the same time.

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