期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 40, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107410
关键词
centrioles; cryo‐ electron tomography; cryo‐ FIB milling; motile cilia; sperm
资金
- NWO Start-Up Grant [740.018.007]
- Clarendon Fund-Nuffield Department of Medicine Prize Studentship
This study utilized advanced cryo-imaging techniques to analyze the internal structures of sperm flagella from three mammalian species, revealing novel ways in which microtubule inner proteins are connected. The importance of the base structure for flagellar beating, as well as the coupling of outer dense fibers to microtubules, was demonstrated. Mammalian sperm flagella are decorated at multiple scales, with key structures at the nano- and micrometer levels.
Motile cilia are molecular machines used by a myriad of eukaryotic cells to swim through fluid environments. However, available molecular structures represent only a handful of cell types, limiting our understanding of how cilia are modified to support motility in diverse media. Here, we use cryo-focused ion beam milling-enabled cryo-electron tomography to image sperm flagella from three mammalian species. We resolve in-cell structures of centrioles, axonemal doublets, central pair apparatus, and endpiece singlets, revealing novel protofilament-bridging microtubule inner proteins throughout the flagellum. We present native structures of the flagellar base, which is crucial for shaping the flagellar beat. We show that outer dense fibers are directly coupled to microtubule doublets in the principal piece but not in the midpiece. Thus, mammalian sperm flagella are ornamented across scales, from protofilament-bracing structures reinforcing microtubules at the nano-scale to accessory structures that impose micron-scale asymmetries on the entire assembly. Our structures provide vital foundations for linking molecular structure to ciliary motility and evolution.
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