Spare and repair the gut microbiota from antibiotic-induced dysbiosis: state-of-the-art

Homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota is currently recognized as a major contributor to human health. Furthermore, intestinal dysbiosis is associated with a multitude of consequences, including intestinal colonization by antibiotic-resistant or pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridioides difficile, and reduced efficacy of promising anticancer immunotherapies. By far, the most immediate and drastic exposure leading to dysbiosis is antibiotic treatment. Many attempts have been made to prevent or repair antibiotic-associated dysbiosis. Here, we review these innovations and the difficulties associated with their development.

Automated summary

The homeostasis of intestinal microbiota is crucial for human health, and dysbiosis can have serious consequences, including antibiotic resistance and reduced efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Antibiotic treatment is the primary cause of dysbiosis, and efforts are being made to develop solutions to prevent or repair it.