期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
卷 68, 期 -, 页码 124-131出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.10.004
关键词
gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC); Branching microtubule nucleation; XMAP215; Augmin complex; TPX2
类别
资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [295/4-4]
Microtubules, essential cytoskeletal elements assembled from ab-tubulin dimers, have their nucleation initiated by the gamma-TuRC complex. Recent cryoelectron microscopy studies and in vitro assays have revealed the molecular organization and potential activation mechanisms of gamma-TuRC, deepening our understanding of microtubule nucleation mechanisms.
Microtubules are essential cytoskeletal elements assembled from ab-tubulin dimers. In high eukaryotes, microtubule nucleation, the de novo assembly of a microtubule from its minus end, is initiated by the g-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC). Despite many years of research, the structural and mechanistic principles of the microtubule nucleation machinery remained poorly understood. Only recently, cryoelectron microscopy studies uncovered the molecular organization and potential activation mechanisms of gamma-TuRC. In vitro assays further deciphered the spatial and temporal cooperation between gamma-TuRC and additional factors, for example, the augmin complex, the phase separation protein TPX2, and the microtubule polymerase XMAP215. These breakthroughs deepen our understanding of microtubule nucleation mechanisms and will link the assembly of individual microtubules to the organization of cellular microtubule networks.
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