4.3 Review

Environmental Determinants of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

期刊

CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS
卷 21, 期 3, 页码 -

出版社

CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-021-00993-1

关键词

COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; Air pollution; Weather; Smoking

资金

  1. NIH [R01HL132344]

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This review critically assesses the role of environmental factors in SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 disease severity, identifies gaps in knowledge, discusses methodological challenges, and highlights the impact of lockdowns on air quality. It also focuses on ethnic and socioeconomic factors driving viral transmission related to COVID-19, and discusses the complex role of ACE2 in COVID-19 as well as future research avenues.
Purpose for ReviewSince the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China in late 2019 turned into a global pandemic, numerous studies have reported associations between environmental factors, such as weather conditions and a range of air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, etc.) and the first wave of COVID-19 cases. This review aims to offer a critical assessment of the role of environmental exposure risk factors on SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 disease severity.Recent FindingsIn this review, we provide a critical assessment of COVID-19 risk factors, identify gaps in our knowledge (e.g., indoor air pollution), and discuss methodological challenges of association and causation and the impact lockdowns had on air quality. In addition, we will draw attention to ethnic and socioeconomic factors driving viral transmission related to COVID-19. The complex role angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays in COVID-19 and future promising avenues of research are discussed.SummaryTo demonstrate causality, we stress the need for future epidemiologic studies integrating personal air pollution exposures, detailed clinical COVID-19 data, and a range of socioeconomic factors, as well as in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies.

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