Synthetic hair extensions causing irritant contact dermatitis in patients with a history of atopy: A report of 10 cases

Background We present a case series of 10, atopic, African women who developed irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) from synthetic hair extensions. Methods Ten consecutive African female patients who presented with a pruritic cutaneous eruption on the neck over a period of 2 years are described. Patients underwent skin patch testing using both standard and hair commercial patch test panels and samples of their own hair extensions. Hair care products were not tested. Results All 10 patients used synthetic hair extensions. A strong history of atopy was documented for all the patients and examination was significant for eczematous, lichenified plaques at the location of contact with the free end of the hair extension. Patch test results yielded no relevant reactivity and a diagnosis of ICD was made for all patients. The lesions resolved completely on removal of the hair extensions and the use of topical steroids and emollients, dependent on eczema severity. Conclusions Artificial hair extensions should be considered as a potential irritant, resulting in ICD. Patients with a history of atopy are at risk of developing ICD from synthetic hair extensions.

Automated summary

Synthetic hair extensions can cause irritant contact dermatitis. African women with a history of atopy are at higher risk of developing ICD from synthetic hair extensions.