On the boundary conditions of magnetic field in OpenFOAM and a magnetic field solver for multi-region applications

This work begins with the discretization of the governing equations of magnetic field for different type of magnetic media over a two-dimensional rectangular domain using a Cartesian grid system. The basic rules that the coefficients of the discretization equation should obey, to ensure physical realism and overall balance, are discussed. In order to satisfy the rule, ''consistency at controlvolume faces'', the formulation of the permeability at the interface between two adjacent control volumes is derived. It reveals that the interface permeability is equal to the anti-linear interpolation of that on the cell centroids under the assumption of flux consistency at control-volume faces. For the purpose of effectively calculating magnetic fields using the FVM based OpenFOAM toolbox, the representations of boundary conditions on the interfaces between different type of media are for the first time derived. A C++ class named magPhiMixedFvPatchField describing the newly derived boundary conditions is defined based on OpenFOAM libraries. The new open-source solver labeled as magneticMultiRegionFoam, for the simulation of static magnetic field with multi-regions, based on FVM in the OpenFOAM framework is for the first time developed and validated. Comparison of the results of the predicted magnetic field for a cylindrical magnet in air with those obtained from Comsol software and the analytical method verifies the fidelity of the solver implementation. For the case of calculating the magnetic levitation forces exerted on a magnet immersed in ferrofluid, the results obtained from magneticMultiRegionFoam show better consistency with the experimental ones than Comsol software. Program summary Program Title: magneticMultiRegionFoam CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/858w9rpf58.1 Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License v3 Programming language: C++ External routines/libraries: OpenFOAM (http://www.openfoam.org) Nature of problem: Solving the magnetic field with multi-regions Solution method: Finite Volume Method (FVM) with a self-defined class describing the boundary conditions between different type of magnetic media. Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: The current version of the solver can only be applied at static magnetic field. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This work discretizes the governing equations of magnetic field for different types of magnetic media and discusses the rules for coefficient and interface permeability formulation. It introduces a new solver magneticMultiRegionFoam based on FVM in the OpenFOAM framework, which is validated through comparisons with Comsol software and analytical methods. The solver is specifically designed for static magnetic fields with multi-regions and shows better consistency with experimental results than Comsol software.