Enhanced Cr(VI) removal from water using a green synthesized nanocrystalline chlorapatite: Physicochemical interpretations and fixed-bed column mathematical model study

Apatite-based minerals have attracted much attention in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated environment. However, exploring apatite with efficient adsorption performance for inorganic oxyanions such as Cr(VI) remains a challenge. Herein, a novel nanocrystalline chlorapatite (CIAP) was promptly prepared by a green method using eggshell wastes as calcium source with the purpose to enhance Cr(VI) adsorption capability. The generated CIAP was characterized by XRD, SEM-EPMA, TEM, FTIR, and BET analyses. Batch and column experiments were subsequently carried out to explore the influencing factors, adsorption capacity and removal mechanism. Results showed that CIAP exhibited excellent stability and adsorption performance for Cr(VI) (63.47 mg g(-1)), which was much greater than that of hydroxyapatite and most reported materials. The adsorption process was fitted well by the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model. In fixed bed column experiments, a novel time-fractional derivative model exhibited much better suitability in interpreting the observed breakthrough curves of Cr(VI) than traditional models. Furthermore, the reusability of CIAP in column was evaluated. Results showed that the adsorption capacity maintained well after consecutively reused for five cycles. Studies of the effect of pH, as well as FTIR and XPS investigations indicated that Cr(VI) adsorption was mainly ascribed to electrostatic interactions and surface complexation, while the reduction of Cr(VI) to the low-toxicity Cr(III) also existed in the adsorption process. The CIAP adsorbent was also successfully used for Cr(VI) remediation from real wastewater. Hence, nanocrystalline CLAP can be a promising material for enhancing the elimination of oxyanion contaminants such as Cr(VI) from water. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

In this study, a novel nanocrystalline chlorapatite (CIAP) was successfully prepared using eggshell wastes as a calcium source by a green method. The CIAP showed excellent stability and adsorption performance for Cr(VI), and demonstrated potential for multiple reuses. This material has the capability to be a promising candidate for enhancing oxyanion contaminants such as Cr(VI) removal from water.